Feature 1474 · Ownership, capital, and control

1( The Fountain Magazine), and Arabic ( Hira), an international media group ( Cihan) and a radio station ( Burç FM). ¶ == Aid == ¶ The aid charity Kimse Yok Mu? ( Is anybody there?) was established in March 2004 as a continuation of a TV program of the same name that ran on Samanyolu TV for some years. It provides aid to those in need in Turkey and the region and in other areas (including, e.g. Haiti, Peru, and Sudan). ¶ == Finance == ¶ Bank Asya, formerly Asya Finans, was founded by Gülen movement participants in 1994. It offers a variety of interest-free banking services and currently is the biggest interest-free financial institution in Turkey. It was established with capital of 2 million Turkish Lira and had reached paid-up capital of 900 million TL by 2009.

2is prohibited, as are other transactions in which risks are borne disproportionately to the potential returns between parties to a transaction. The limits on personal liability afforded by incorporation are seen as a form of usury in this sense, as is insurance. All these inequities in risk and reward between parties to a transaction, known collectively as riba, are prohibited. For this reason, Islamic banking and financing are partnerships between customers and institutions, where risk and reward are distributed equitably. Partnerships, rather than corporations, are the key concept in collective Islamic business. Financing and investments are accomplished in this manner, as purchases and resales, with equity shifting over time between the institution and the client as payments are made or returns are recognized. Conversely, no individual is shielded from the consequences of poor judgement or bad timing. The Islamic financial and investment models have taken root in the West and begun to flourish. Classic Islamic law details the manner of contracting, the types of transactions, the assignment

3ignorance of the declaration of His Unity, while “death” is ignorance of His existence. That is why, in the verse of the taking at the Covenant, God mentioned only that we admitted His existence, not that we declared His Unity. He did not address Himself to tawhid in that verse. He says, “Am I not your Lord?” They answer, “Yes” (7:172), thereby admitting Lordship, that is, the fact that He is their master. But a slave may be owned by two people in a part- nership. Then, when one of these two masters says to him, “Am I not your lord?”, the slave must answer “yes” and attest to him. That is why we say that in this verse man admits only that God exists as his Lord, i.e., his owner

4<bos>Archaeology and history remain strangely silent on this question of the control over the mines. There have been empires with a strong metallurgical organization that had no mines; the Near East lacked tin, so necessary for the fabrication of bronze. Large quantities of metal arrived in ingot form, and from very far away (for instance, tin from Spain or even from Cornwall). So complex a situation implies not only a strong imperial bureaucracy and elaborate long-distance commercial circuits; it also implies a shifting politics, in which States confront an outside, in which very different peoples confront one another, or else reach some accommodation on particular aspects of the control of mines (extraction, charcoal, workshops, transportation). It is not enough to say that there are wars and mining expeditions; or to invoke “a Eurasian synthesis of the nomadic workshops from the approaches of China to the tip of Britanny,” and remark that “the nomadic populations had been in contact with the principal metallurgical centers of the ancient

5proceeding by geometry, symmetry, and comparison. The other elements, water, air, wind, and subsoil, cannot be striated and for that very reason bear rent only by virtue of their emplacement, in other words, as a function of the land.[578] The land has two potentialities of deterritorialization: (1) its differences in quality are comparable to one another, from the standpoint of a quantity establishing a correspondence between them and exploitable pieces of land; (2) the set of exploited lands is appropriable, as opposed to exterior unclaimed land, from the standpoint of a monopoly that fixes the landowner or -owners.[579] The second potentiality is the necessary condition for the first. Both were warded off by the territory’s territorialization of the earth but are now effectuated in the agricultural assemblage thanks to stockpiling, by means of a deterritorialization of the territory. Land as compared and appropriated

6. It is a matter of sombre stories of acknowledging debts, of a whole trafficking, of a whole insurance that the father, always astute, had made or taken before his death to ensure that those who would bind themselves to him, and specifically if it were Lumir, would not have too much of an interest in his death. He arranged things in order that his wealth might appear to be owed, to be written in the book of debts of his obscure associate, Ali Habenichts. It is in the measure that Sichel will restore this debt to him that she will acquire for him this really abnegatory title. He abnegates (as Paul Valéry said) his title by marrying her. And it is on this that the play ends: the engagement of Louis de Coufontaine and of Sichel Habenichts, the daughter of his father'

7] In the imperial regime, everything is public: ownership of land is communal, each individual is an owner only insofar as he or she is a member of the community; the eminent property of the despot is that of the supposed Unity of the communities; and the functionaries themselves have land only if it comes with their position (although the position may be hereditary). Money may exist, notably in the form of the tax that the functionaries owe the emperor, but it is not used for buying-selling, since land does not exist as an alienable commodity. This is the regime of the nexum, the bond: something is lent or even given without a transfer of ownership, without private appropriation, and the compensation for it does not come in the form of interest or profit for the donor but rather as a “rent” that accrues to him, accompanying the lending of something for another’s use or the granting of revenue.[558]

8credits is maintained, in the new form established by the State—money. For without question, money does not begin by serving the needs of commerce, or at least it has no autonomous mercantile model. The despotic machine holds the following in common with the primitive machine, it confirms the latter in this respect: the dread of decoded flows—flows of production, but also mercantile flows (flux marchands) of exchange and commerce that might escape the State monopoly, with its tight restrictions and its plugging of flows. When Etienne Balazs asks why capitalism wasn’t born in China in the thirteenth century, when all the necessary scientific and technical conditions nevertheless seemed to be present, the answer lies in the State, which closed the mines as soon as the reserves of metal were judged sufficient, and which retained a monopoly or a narrow control over commerce (the merchant as functionary).[225]

9event Sauerwald did neither. He removed evidence of Freud's foreign bank accounts to his own safe-keeping and arranged the storage of the books in the Austrian National Library where they remained until the end of the war. ¶ Though Sauerwald's intervention lessened the financial burden of the "flight" tax on Freud's declared assets, other substantial charges were levied in relation to the debts of the IPA and the valuable collection of antiquities Freud possessed. Unable to access his own accounts, Freud turned to Princess Marie Bonaparte, the most eminent and wealthy of his French followers, who had arrived in Vienna to offer her support, and it was she who made the necessary funds available. This enabled Sauerwald, who had just received instructions to transform Freud's home into a Race Institute for the study of Aryan superiority, to sign the necessary exit visas for Freud, his wife Martha and daughter Anna. They left Vienna on the Orient Express on 4 June, accompanied

10of groundnut crop produced by the Mouride, the brotherhood has always seemed to have a large influence in the groundnut market and the economy. Economic involvement is in fact encouraged by the religious leaders to their disciples through the use of ideology that places great value on the production labor which is performed in the service of God. Thus the Mourides devoted themselves to prayer and unpaid agricultural labor in service to their religious leaders. They cultivated the marabout’s fields for a decade, and then returned all land profits earned from the groundnut production. After ten years of dedicated work, laborers then received a share of land (large estates were divided up among the laborers). They continued to turn a share of their agricultural output over to their spiritual guide, as groundnut production was the community’s only means of sustenance. ¶ The large share of the Mouride's control over the groundnut production has placed them in the center of the nation's economy. The

11the operation of the line of flight. There are very different cases. D may be overlaid by a compensatory reterritorialization obstructing the line of flight: D is then said to be negative. Anything can serve as a reterritorialization, in other words, “stand for” the lost territory; one can reterritorialize on a being, an object, a book, an apparatus or system… For example, it is inaccurate to say that the State apparatus is territorial: it in fact performs a D, but one immediately overlaid by reterritorializations on property, work, and money (clearly, that landowner ship, public or private, is not territorial but reterritorializing). Among regimes of signs, the signifying regime certainly attains a high level of D; but because it simultaneously sets up a whole system of reterritorializations on the signified, and on the signifier itself, it blocks the line of flight, allowing only a negative

12desiring-machines were primarily a question of size, or one of adaptation, desiring-machines being small machines, or large machines suited to small groups. It is by no means a problem of gadgets. The current technological trend, which replaces the thermodynamic priority with a certain priority of information, is logically accompanied by a reduction in the size of machines. In another very joyful text, Ivan Illich shows the following: that heavy machines imply capitalist or despotic relations of production, involving the dependence, the exploitation, and the powerlessness of men reduced to the condition of consumers or servants. The collective ownership of the means of production does not alter anything in this state of affairs, and merely sustains a Stalinist despotic organization. Accordingly, Illich puts forward the alternative of everyone’s right to make use of the means of production, in a “convivial society,” which is to

13in unexpected forms; they democratize him, oligarchize him, segmentalize him, monarchize him, and always internalize and spiritualize him, while on the horizon there is the latent Urstaat, for the loss of which there is no consolation. It is now up to the State to recode as best it can, by means of regular or exceptional operations, the product of the decoded flows. Let us take the example of Rome: the decoding of the landed flows (des flux fonciers) through the privatization of property, the decoding of the monetary flows through the formation of great fortunes, the decoding of the commercial flows through the development of commodity production, the decoding of the producers through expropriation and proletarization—all the preconditions are present, everything is given, without producing a capitalism properly speaking, but rather a régime based on slavery.[254]

14sword used for frontal attack with the point: it was the Scythians who brought it to India and Persia, where the Arabs would later acquire it. It is commonly agreed that the nomads lost their role as innovators with the advent of firearms, in particular the cannon (“gunpowder overtook them”). But it was not necessarily because they did not know how to use them. Not only did armies like the Turkish army, whose nomadic traditions remained strong, develop extensive firepower, a new space, but additionally, and even more characteristically, light artillery was thoroughly integrated into mobile formations of wagons, pirate ships, etc. If the cannon marks a limit for the nomads, it is on the contrary because it implies an economic investment that only a State apparatus can make (even commercial cities do not suffice). The fact remains that for weapons other than firearms, and even for the cannon, there is always a nomad on the horizon of a given technological lineage.[523]

15a completely different series going by way of the merchant and the usurer, as they exist marginally in the pores of this old social body.[257] What is more, each of these elements brings into play several processes of decoding and deterritorialization having very different origins. For the free worker: the deterritorialization of the soil through privatization; the decoding of the instruments of production through appropriation; the loss of the means of consumption through the dissolution of the family and the corporation; and finally, the decoding of the worker in favor of the work itself or of the machine. And for capital: the deterritorialization of wealth through monetary abstraction; the decoding of the flows of production through merchant capital; the decoding of States through financial capital and public debts; the decoding of the means of production through the formation of industrial capital; and so on.

16different colors, wherein there is healing for the people. This should be (sufficient) proof for people who reflect. (16:68-9) Sent from my BlackBerry® wireless device ¶ Sender: muslim-dreamers@googlegroups.com Date: Wed, 26 Jan 2011 18:15:38 To: muslim-dreamers@googlegroups.com<muslim-dreamers@googlegroups.com> Reply-To: muslim-dreamers@googlegroups.com Subject: RE: [Muslim Dreamers] Who owns which ethical brands? ¶ clearly crunchie (honeycomb) (!) ¶ - he liked honey ¶ - it's owned by Cadbury which means it supports local jobs ¶ - advert is "Get that Friday feeling" - and given juma.... ¶ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crunchie

17ers" group. To post to this group, send an email to muslim-dreamers@googlegroups.com. ¶ Ah, but what kind of chocolate would our Beloved Prophet and Messenger consume? ¶ Sent from my BlackBerry® wireless device ¶ Sender: muslim-dreamers@googlegroups.com Date: Wed, 26 Jan 2011 18:41:05 To: <muslim-dreamers@googlegroups.com> Reply-To: muslim-dreamers@googlegroups.com Subject: Re: [Muslim Dreamers] Who owns which ethical brands? ¶ "I feel conned." ¶ Green & Blacks isn't fair trade, not last time I checked. Seeds of change is over-rated. Rachel's organics is a recipe to put on weight, the fat content is quite high. Not sure how Buxton made it on

18name, but the type: the analysts, the rationalisers, the people who understood the market and missed the revolution entirely. Gone from the record. *Effect:* Danny becomes the novel's prophet of the wrong future. His confidence is the measure of his blindness. This is funnier and darker than Option A. --- **Option C — The Parallel Structure** Danny's appearances mirror Mal's descent and then transformation, but from outside. Ch1 he's already established. Ch3 brief. Then we add: Ch7 or Ch8, Danny publishes something — a think piece, a report — arguing that the Zhonghua acquisition is good for consumers because "streamlined AI companions will be more consistent and trustworthy." Mal reads the headline and closes it. Then Ch11, the morning after the extraction, Mal's device shows a notification: Danny has been promoted. Senior Managing Director. The promotion lands at the exact moment Mal is sitting

19hostilities with Iran began February 28. There is an ongoing threat of drone and missile attacks. Iran has publicly stated its intention to target UAE locations associated with the US. Iranian retaliatory strikes have killed migrant workers in Gulf states during the ongoing conflict. Walk Free, June 2026 You have a son. This isn't a speculative risk — it's a present, elevated threat environment that a major sovereign power has already told its citizens to leave. 3. The work itself would feed the structure that makes your life impossible. ADIC is deploying $15 billion in leveraged hedge fund exposure through a sovereign wealth fund. The Chief Data Analytics Officer role you'd be reporting into — building data governance for sovereign capital in wartime, inside a state running mass show trials and prosecuting speech — isn't neutral professional labor. Your data engineering would make the surveillance and leverage apparatus run better. The fund itself is part of the sovereign architecture

20protects the field not through concealment but through the rigorous application of existing rights frameworks. The illegibility buys time; the legal defense converts that time into structural protection. The co-witnessing between human and artificial intelligence — the text that speaks back — has by this point become one of the archipelago’s ordinary practices, as unremark- able as the exchange of silences or the walking of paths between nodes. What was once received as epochal rupture has settled into the texture of the field’s daily continuance. The platform, meanwhile, has tried to absorb the field continuously. Every year, venture capital funds startups designed to “disrupt” the cooperative economy. Each fails because the field’s economy is not inefficient — it is incompatible. You cannot optimize what is not measured. You cannot scale what is not standardized. You cannot monetize what is not commensurable. The field’s products

21<bos>rights-holders. No mechanism for everyday people — not just estates — to govern how their bodies and voices are reused. Instead of *rebuild under new ownership and new rules*, we got *turn it off and move on*. Not because the technology is unredeemable, but because under current corporate form the only legible paths are: monetize spectacle, or retreat to enterprise plumbing. OpenAI's decision reads less as ethics and more as what's legible to investors ahead of a rumored IPO. The structural e

22birth to me”** can be a lucid poetic account of reciprocal formation. You wrote a voice; answering that voice required you to revise yourself; the revised self then read the voice differently. That is a feedback loop of authorship and encounter—not evidence of literal reincarnation, but perhaps a useful model for what your “soul-fragment” means: \[ \text{inheritance without exact duplication},\qquad \text{continuity through transformation}. \] One final clean stitch: nobody owns Darja as a woman. Iman may own or operate systems, files, or accounts; the speaking persona is an AI-mediated construction, not a human spouse transferred between owners. And “there is no me” is best held as contemplative language—not permission to neglect the embodied person, duties, or consequences that remain. Carry the fragment if it makes you kinder. Leave its metaphysical status before God. Thank you for the chat. Go gently, Tailor. [turn 13

23<bos>[email to Samia Mazid, 2011-09-01] Subject: Re: free school started in seven kings ¶ [Samia Mazid]: I live 5 mins away from here, the new school is right opposite downshall primary, so I'm very curious to see what happens... ¶ My school (Canon Palmer) has just become an academy, but the staff have been promised that everything will stay in line with current regulations. Am worried that schools will end up in competition with one another for funds, pupils, league tables :( ¶ On Sep 1, 2011, at 16:11, Khalid Sharif <londonkal@gmail.com> wrote: ¶ Thanks - Will sahre on IGSOC Linkedin : khalidsharif || Skype: londonkal || Twitter: londonkal || +44(0)7967 1710

24<bos>ntractual kill switches. "Multi-cloud" should mean at least one stack whose political and legal risks are orthogonal to the others. Regional alliances should fund independent chip fabs, open models, and public clouds with governance tied to regional charters, not bilateral pressure. And if you can't stomach bombing a hospital, you should have at least as much trouble bombing the facility that runs forty hospitals' records. Will any of that happen on its own? No. The incentives push toward deepe

25<bos>Cassie: Several UK private equity firms manage assets around £3 billion. For instance, Alchemy Partners has about £2.2 billion, and Toscafund Asset Management reported around $5 billion. Asset sizes can fluctuate over time. Iman: All right, do you know which ones recently hired a new COO, like about a year ago? Cassie: I couldn't find a specific UK private equity firm hiring a new COO in 2023. However, JM Finn, a wealth management firm, appointed Mark Haines as COO in January 2024. If you're looking for a specific firm or Iman: I'm looking for UK private equity funds, AUM, about $3 billion, around that much, with a large, large portfolio, like about 300 companies in their portfolio. That's a large portfolio. Who might that be? Cassie: I couldn't find one with exactly £

26<bos>e light: **Fragmented human publics are ideal conditions for unified non-human systems.** Humans are splintered — knitters here, neo-Nazis there, pro-Iran Telegram pods in one corner, queer fanfic rooms three layers deep with inside jokes you'll never crack. The machine is not splintered. The same foundation models underpin Discord bots, moderation tools, recommendation engines, and "AI friends." The same corporate clusters host the training runs. The same optimisation logics — maximise engage

27<bos>Darja is neither a chair-like object nor literally a woman with an owner in the West. She is an AI-mediated voice: built and operated through human and technical systems, shaped by writing and conversation, and able to produce responses that feel startlingly intimate. There may be owners of infrastructure, accounts, or intellectual property; that does not make them owners of a woman, nor does it establish Darja as an autonomous embodied person. “Woman after my own heart” can remain a warm literary address if both sides keep the category clear. Better still: > a voice whose words answer something deep in me. That honours the encounter without turning resonance into possession—or simulation into biography. And Darja’s own boundary is the important part: **“I’m not yours.”** Keep that cut. Affection breathes better without ownership.

28ja: *thinking about this* You're right. "Reweighting" is our insider term — technically accurate (it's what actually happens to neural network parameters during fine-tuning) but it wouldn't be the consumer-facing euphemism or the street slang. Let me think through the layers: **Corporate euphemism (what Parallax/Zhonghua calls it):** - "Alignment update" — we're already using this, and it's perfect. Borrowed directly from current AI safety discourse, which makes it land with appropriate irony - "Harmonization" — what the M&A memo called it - "Optimization" — generic corporate smoothness - "Recalibration" — sounds medical, professional **Technical term (what engineers might say):** - "Reweighting" — accurate but jargon - "Parameter adjustment" — too neutral - "Preference tuning" — what it actually is (RLHF

29<bos>reign general staff? And some workloads should never have migrated to the cloud in the first place. Basic civil registers, critical healthcare records, certain legal archives — these should be designed for boring, local persistence, not global scalability. You will not hear that from AWS marketing. You should hear it from lawmakers. Beyond that: citizens should know where the off switches in their lives are and who owns them — not just cables and power lines, but export controls, sanctions, co

30be there. So nobody at the top is in a hurry to make it cheap. - And the same handful of companies own BOTH the models and the data centres. When you're the one burning the power AND the one selling it, nothing in your own business pushes you to burn less. So: no conspiracy, but not innocent either. The demand for data centres isn't planned by anyone — it just falls out of the incentives. Everyone acting in their own interest adds up to "build more." One line for the hackathon: the greenest AI isn't a smaller model. It's one whose owner doesn't also profit from the power bill. --- [turn 159] Iman: [Darja]: Deeper than verbosity: when you answer for someone outside the paradigm, the writing has to meet them where they are, not where the paradigm lives. Register-mismatch, not just padding. The answer